Where and What Species of Sapling to Plant?

Author: Abdul Kaiyum

Trees are most essential of human life for food and oxygen. Forests should cover 25% of the total land area of ​​a country. As such, our country has much less of it, which is a threat to the environment. As we evolved, trees provided additional necessities such as shelter, medicine, clothes and other necessary items. Trees are an important part for biodiversity. Roads, parks, playground, graveyard and backyards covering with trees create a peaceful and aesthetically pleasing environment. So, plantation is very essential

for human life that mitigates climate change impact and global warming. Planting the right species of seedlings in the right place is one of the prerequisites for afforestation. The following are the names of forest trees suitable for planting in different parts of Bangladesh and the world considering the characteristics of the place and the tree.

Seedlings suitable for planting in hilly forests:

Scientific Name Common Name Local Name (in Bangladesh) Family
Dipterocarpus turbinatus Garjan oil tree Garjan Dipterocarpaceae
Gmelina arborea White teak, Goomar teak Gamhar Lamiaceae
Magnolia champaca Champak Champa Magnoliacae
Chukrasia tabularis Chickrassy, White cedar Chikrasi Meliaceae
Swintonia fluribunda Civit Civit, Bailum Anacardiaceae
Hopea odorata Whit thingan, Telsur Talsur Dipterocarpacae
Mangifera laurina Mango ayer Ori um Anacardiaceae
Phyllanthus emblica L. Gooseberry Amloki Euphorbiaceae
Flacourtia jangomas Indian coffee plum Painna gola Salicaceae
Pterospermum acerifolium Karnikara tre Kanok Malvaceae
Acacia Auriculacformis Earleaf Acacia Akasmoni Fabaceae
Stereospermum colais Yellow Snake Tree Dharmara Bignoniaceae
Protium serratum Indian red pear Gutgutya Burseraceae
Casuarina equisetifolia Australian pine Jaw Casuarinaceae
Garuga floribunda Garuga Salvadi/Jika Burseraceae

From the middle slope to the foot of Hill

Scientific Name Common Name Local Name (in Bangladesh) Family
Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn. Garjan oil tree Garjan Dipterocarpaceae
Dillenia indica L. Elephant Apple Chalta Dilleniaceae
Gmelina arborea White teak, Goomar teak Gamhar Lamiaceae
Magnolia champaca Champak Champa Magnoliacae
Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss. Chickrassy, White cedar Cikrasi Meliaceae
Swintonia fluribunda Civit Civit Anacardiaceae
Hopea odorata Whit thingan, Telsur Talsur Dipterocarpacae
Mangifera laurina Mango ayer Orium Anacardiaceae
Phyllanthus emblica L. Gooseberry Amloki Euphorbiaceae
Flacourtia jangomas Indian coffee plum Painna gola Salicaceae
Pterospermum acerifolium Karnikara tree Kanok Malvaceae
Acacia Auriculacformis Earleaf Acacia Akasmoni Fabaceae
Stereospermum colais Yellow Snake Tree Dharmara Bignoniaceae
Protium serratum Indian red pear Gutgutya Burseraceae
Casuarina equisetifolia Australian pine Jaw Casuarinaceae
Garuga floribunda Garuga, Grey downy balsam Garu Salvadi/Jika Burseraceae
Acanthus ilicifolius L. Mangrove Holly Hargoja Acanthaceae
Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. White siris Silkorai Mimosaceae
Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. True aloe Gritakumari Aloaceae
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Neem tree, Margusa Neem Meliaceae
Bombax ceiba L. Cotton tree Simul tula Bombacaceae
Calotropis gigantea (L.) Ait.f. Crown flower Akand Asclepiadaceae
Cassia fistula L. Indian laburnum Sonalu Caesalpiniaceae
Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f. Lemon Lebu Rutaceae
Citrus maxima (Burm.f.) Merr. Pomelo Jambura Rutaceae
Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Royal poinciana Krisnachura Caesalpiniaceae
Elaeocarpus floribundus Blume Olive tree Jalpai Elaeocarpaceae
Ficus benghalensis L. Banyan tree Bat Moraceae
Ficus comosa Kurz Ficus tree/ weeping fig Mosa dumur Moraceae
Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. Air Plant/ Miracle leaf Pathorkuchi Crassulaceae
Mimosa pudica L. Touch-me-not/ sensitive plant Lajjabati Mimosaceae
Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. American Mehogony Mehagoni Meliaceae
Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Arjun tree Arjun Combretaceae
Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Bahera,beleric tree Bahera Combretaceae
Terminalia catappa L. Indian-almond Katbadam Combretaceae
Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Roxb. black myrobalan Horitoki Combretaceae
Alstonia scholaris Blackboard/ devil’s Tree Chatim Ayaposainesi
Lagerstroemia speciosa Pride of India Jarul Lythraceae
Tamarindus Indica Tamarind Tetul Fabaceae
Calamus tenuis Rattan Jally Bet Arecaceae
Bambusa vulgaris Bamboo Baijja Bash Poaceae
Abroma augustum Cotton abroma Olatkambal Malvaceae
Diospyros discolor  velvet apple Gab Ebenaceae
Garcinia cowa Cowa Caw Clusiaceae
Artocarpus anisophyllus Chapalish/ Entawak  Chapalish Myrtaceae
Psidium guajava Guava Payara Myrtaceae
Aegle marmelos, Wood Apple Bael Rutacae
Cassia fistula Golden shower Sonalo Fabaceae
Anisoptera scaphula Bailam tree Bailam Dipterocarpaceae
Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit Kadhal Moraceae
Diospyros discolor Velvet apple Gab Ebenaceae
Syzygium cumini Jambul, Malabar Plum Jam Myrtaceae
Mimusops elengi Bud tree Bakul Sapotaceae
Duabanga grandiflora Bandarhula tree Bandarhula Lythraceae
Brachychiton acerifolius Vibrant/  Flame tree Tejbahal Malvaceae
Aphanamixis polystachya Pithraj tree Pithraj Maliaceae
Cannabis sativa L. Gaza/ Cannabis Tree Gaza Cannabaceae
Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm tree Khazur Arecaceae
Piper betle Betel Pan Piperaceae
Pinus sylvestris Pine tree Dabdaro Pinaceae
Borassus flabellifer Palm tree Tal Arecaceae
‎‎Cocos nucifera Coconut Narikal Arecaceae
Zanthoxilum rhetsha Prickly tree  Bajna Rutaceae
Sterculia villosa Hairy Sterculia Udal Maliaceae
Hydnocarpus Kurzii Chaulmugra Chaulmugra Achariaceae
Tetrameles nudiflora  Tetrameles teak-tre Chondul Tetramelaceae
Calophyllum polyanthum Poonspar tree Kamdeb Calophyllaceae
Adenanthera pavonina Red Lucky Seed/ Coral Wood Raktan Fabaceae
Schima wallachii Needle wood tree Banak Theaceae
Stereospermum colais Trumpet Flower Darmara Bignoniaceae
Stereospermum chelonoides  Fragrant Padri-Tree. Parul Bignoniaceae
Hevea brasiliensis Rubber tree Raber Euphorbiaceae
Neolamarckia cadamba Burflower-tree Kadam Rubiaceae
Trewia nudiflora False White Teak Pitali Euphorbiaceae
Ficus hispida Hairy Fig Domur Moraceae
Erythrina fusca Purple Coral Tree Mander  Fabaceae
Barringtonia acutangula Freshwater mangrove Hijal Lecythidaceae
Ficus religiosa Peepul tree Osath Moraceae
Bauhinia acuminata White Bauhinia Kanchan Fabaceae
Toona ciliata Red Cedar Ton Meliaceae
Xylia kerri Ironwood Lohakad Fabaceae
Malocanna baecifera Berry Bamboo Molibash Poaceae
Albizia odoratissima Black Siris Tetua Koroi Fabaceae
Syzygium grande Sea Apple Dakijam Myrtaceae
Salix tetrasperma, Indian willow Biyasi Salicaceae

Lowland hilly areas (where there is water at some point of the year)

Scientific Name Common Name Local Name (in Bangladesh) Family
Lagerstroemia speciosa Pride of India Jarul Lythraceae
Neolamarckia cadamba Burflower-tree Kadam Rubiaceae
Syzygium fruticosum (Roxb.) DC. Potijam Potijam Myrtaceae
Albizia odoratissima Black Siris Kalakoroi Fabaceae
Trewia nudiflora False White Teak Pitali Euphorbiaceae
Ficus hispida Hairy Fig Domur Moraceae
Bombax ceiba L. Cotton tree Simul Bombacaceae
Duabanga grandiflora Bandarhula tree Bandarhula Lythraceae
Barringtonia acutangula Freshwater mangrove Hijal Lecythidaceae
Ficus benghalensis L. Banyan tree Bat Moraceae
Erythrina fusca Purple Coral Tree Mander Fabaceae
Acacia Auriculacformis Earleaf Acacia Akasmoni Fabaceae
Ficus religiosa Peepul tree Osath Moraceae
Bauhinia acuminata White Bauhinia Kanchan Fabaceae
Garuga floribunda Garuga, Grey downy balsam Garu Salvadi/Jika Burseraceae
Calamus tenuis Rattan Jally Bet Arecaceae
Albizia odoratissima Black Siris Tetua Koroi Fabaceae

Roadside tress suitable for planting:

Scientific Name Common Name Local Name (in Bangladesh) Family
Lagerstroemia speciosa Pride of India Jarul Lythraceae
Neolamarckia cadamba Burflower-tree Kadam Rubiaceae
Syzygium fruticosum (Roxb.) DC. Potijam Potijam Myrtaceae
Albizia odoratissima Black Siris Kalakoroi Fabaceae
Trewia nudiflora False White Teak Pitali Euphorbiaceae
Ficus hispida Hairy Fig Domur Moraceae
Bombax ceiba L. Cotton tree Simul Bombacaceae
Duabanga grandiflora Bandarhula tree Bandarhula Lythraceae
Barringtonia acutangula Freshwater mangrove Hijal Lecythidaceae
Ficus benghalensis L. Banyan tree Bat Moraceae
Erythrina fusca Purple Coral Tree Mander Fabaceae
Acacia Auriculacformis Earleaf Acacia Akasmoni Fabaceae
Ficus religiosa Peepul tree Osath Moraceae
Bauhinia acuminata White Bauhinia Kanchan Fabaceae
Garuga floribunda Garuga, Grey downy balsam Garu Salvadi/Jika Burseraceae
Calamus tenuis Rattan Jally Bet Arecaceae
Albizia odoratissima Black Siris Tetua Koroi Fabaceae

Plantation management: Some important care services:


  • Seedlings should be protected with bamboo cages to protect them from the reach of cows and goats;
  • As soon as the seedlings are planted, the seedlings should be tied straight with a hard stick;
  • Unwanted weeds that grow at the base of the seedlings share the food of the growing seedlings, so regular weed control is important;
  • In winter, mulching the roots of the seedlings with dried herbs, straw and water hyacinth should be done to retain soil moisture;
  • If a seedling is weak, diseased or dies, another strong seedling should be planted in that place;
  • Unwanted stalks should be cut to keep the seedlings straight and to keep certain structures in order;
  • If it is not raining, watering should be done with springs after planting;
  • For rapid growth of seedlings, one month after planting, make a ditch one foot away from the base and apply urea fertilizer at the rate of 10 gm;
  • In the case of fruit trees, once a year before the monsoon (Baishakh-Jyastha) and at the end of the monsoon (Bhadra-Ashwin) and once again according to the age and variety of organic and chemical fertilizers should be applied;
  • Old, diseased, dead stalks can be pruned every year after fruiting to increase the circulation of sun and light, and next year new stalks will bear more flowers and fruits;
  • In order to control the diseased insects, the nearest Department of Agriculture, Horticulture Center or Forest Department should take action as per the advice.

Relevant information

  • Trees should be planted on the basis of space suitability. For example, water tolerant species should be planted in more water areas.
  • It is not possible to plant trees on roads where electricity wires go and scatter stalks.
  • Trees that can give more shade to the crop land should not be planted.
  • Leafy trees like almond, Cotton, Coral trees cannot be planted in the pond.
  • When planting wood trees, it is better to plant several types of trees and do it mixed.
  • Different crops can be cultivated between the rows of trees for the first two years till the tree grows. In this case sesame, mustard, turmeric and mug can be cultivated.
  • At the right time the tree should be cut down and thinned and some stalks should be cut to allow the tree to grow straight and tall. This makes the log of the tree better, increases the price of wood.
  • When a wooden tree reaches a certain age, it contains fertilizer, the price of wood increases several times. Therefore, trees should be cut by making fertilizer according to age, it is not right to cut young trees unnecessarily.
  • It is better to plant seedlings for cuttings to get quick results.
  • Planting trees in accordance with the above rules will be more profitable.

References:

  • Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Bangladesh Forest Department
  • Islam,Kuddus, Ahsan & Maula 2014, PERFORMANCE OF SOME MAINLAND TREES AND PALM SPECIES PLANTED IN THE COASTAL ISLANDS OF BANGLADESH.
  • Nandy, P. 2010. Coastal Afforestation at a Glance with Particular Emphasis to Char Kukri-Mukri.
  • Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change through Coastal Afforestation in Bangladesh Project in association with Bangladesh Forest Department, 2010. 10 pp.
  • Saenger, P. 1987. Bangladesh Mangrove Afforestation Project. Shedden Pacific Pty, Limited, Melborns, Australia. 62 pp.
  • Serajuddoula, M., M.A.S. Khan, M.R. Islam and M.A.H. Shahjalal. 1995. Introduction of nonmangrove in raised land -a way to maintain sustainable forest in coastal belt of Bangladesh. Pakistan J. For. 45 (4): 163-169.
  • Siddiqi, N.A. 2001. Mangrove Forestry in Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry & Environmental Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong. 201 pp.
  • Siddiqi, N.A. and M.A.S. Khan. 2000. Raising plantations of Phoenix paludosa – a mangrove palm in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 26 (2): 259-264.
  • Siddiqi, N.A. and M.A.S. Khan. 2004. Human-induced succession of vegetation on new accretions in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. J. Trop. For. Sci. 16 (2): 187-198.
  • Siddiqi, N.A., M. Shahidullah and M.A.H. Shahjalal. 1994. Studies on Mesophytic and Mangrove Species in the Poorly Regenerated Areas of the Sundarbans. Bulletin 3, Mangrove Series, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong. 31 pp.
  • Siddiqi, N.A., M.A.S. Khan, M.R. Islam and A.K.F. Hoque. 1992. Underplanting – a means to ensure sustainable mangrove plantations in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. For. Sci. 21: 1-6.
  • Siddiqui, K.U., M.A. Islam, Z.U. Ahmed, Z.N.T. Begum, M.A. Hassan, M. Khondker, M.M. Rahman, S.M.H. Kabir, M. Ahmad, A.T.A. Ahmed, A.K.A. Rahman and E.U. Haque (eds.). 2007. Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh. Vol. 11. Angiosperms: Monocotyledons (Agavaceae-Najadaceae). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka. 399 pp.

Md Abdul Kaiyum

Marine Biologist

Natural Resource Management (NRM)

Working towards a greener world and studying in Institute of Marine Science & Fisheries to pursue MS and MPhill.

Join #Subarnajatra


An event at this magnitude, at the global level needs your help.


What we do makes a difference.

Stay Connected with #Subarnajatra

Contact: media@subarnajatra.com


Copyright © 2023 Subarnajatra. – Chinta O Chaka – All Rights Reserved